Mbaqanga, a cultural movement as well as an evolution in Black township pop, emerged from strains of Kwela and Marabi music in the Shebeen culture of 1950s and 1960s Johannesburg (specifically the vibrant, racially mixed neighborhood of Sophiatown). More vocals were incorporated into the Jazzy Afropop of Marabi, sung in Xhosa and Zulu as well as English. The movement birthed international stars such as Miriam Makeba, Dolly Rathebe, The Mahotella Queens and Letta Mbulu. The Mbaganga sound heavily influenced the 1980s Bubblegum sound.
Genealogy of Kwaito 